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vol. 11, nr. 2 (2008)
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Precipitation deficiency limiting the yields of spring triticale in north-western Poland
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Eliza Kalbarczyk
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Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Agricultural University, ul. Papieża Pawła VI 3, 71-469 Szczecin |
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vol. 11 (2008), nr. 2,
pp. 419-428
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abstract:
The study was aimed at describing the risk of cultivating spring triticale in North- West Poland resulting from the deficiency of precipitation in this region. The study was based on the values of the spring triticale grain yields and the results of the observation of 7 agrophenological periods which was carried out in the years 1984-2004 at 8 COBORU (RESEARCH CENTRE FOR CULTIVAR TESTING) stations situated in North-West Poland. What is more, 24 hr period data gathered at 16 IMGW stations in 1984-2004 were used and on their basis the precipitation totals in the growth periods of triticale and in the period 30 days before sowing were calculated. The rela-tionships between the amount of the yield and the precipitation total were examined by analysing the dispersion plots and significant relations were described by means of linear regression or curvi-linear regression equations (a polynomial of degree 2). In selected spring triticale growth periods the following factors were defined: the frequency of occurrence of precipitation deficiency, potential decrease in the yields and average precipitation totals of many-year periods and those of years with extreme precipitation. The largest threat to a good yield of spring triticale is deficiency in precipita-tion occurring during the period from the heading to the wax maturity stage of this plant. In order to reach at least an average yield spring triticale needs above 70 mm of precipitation during the period from heading to wax maturity, above 176 mm of precipitation during the period from sowing to wax maturity, and above 205 mm of precipitation during the period from sowing to the harvest. Deficiency in precipitation during the period from heading to wax maturity may result in a decrease in the yield by about 10-20%, whereas during the periods from sowing to wax maturity and from sowing to harvest, by 12-16% and 10-14%, respectively. Under the largest threat of the precipitation deficiency during the critical period of spring triticale are the areas situated in the south-eastern part of Pomerania.
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keywords:
spring triticale, precipitation, decrease in yield
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original in:
Polish
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