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vol. 12, nr. 1 (2008)
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Direct solar radiation and its extinction by the atmosphere in Kołobrzeg in the years 1960-2000
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Joanna Uscka-Kowalkowska
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Department of Climatology, Institute of Geography NCU ul. Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruń |
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vol. 12 (2008), nr. 1,
pp. 221-233
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abstract:
This study presents changes in the amount of direct solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface and the atmospheric turbidity in Kołobrzeg in the years of 1960-2000. The data for the study was provided by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Warsaw. Highest values of direct solar radiation usually occur in spring and it was not unlike in the case of Kołobrzeg where on 30 March 1960 the peak value of 1005.5 W m-2 was recorded. The amount of atmospheric extinction of direct solar radiation was expressed by means of the Linke turbidity factor for the atmospheric mass of 2 (TLAM2). Its mean value in the analysed period was 3.31, reaching highest annual values in summer (3.44) and lowest in winter (3.00). The annual pattern of atmospheric turbidity over Kołobrzeg is typical of many other places where similar observations were made. The optical state of the atmosphere is also affected by air masses. In the analysed period the cleanest air masses over Kołobrzeg were Arctic masses (TLAM2 = 2.83), whereas the biggest turbidity was caused by Tropical air masses (TLAM2 = 4.53). Polar maritime old air masses and Polar continental masses had a similar level of turbidity (TLAM2 of 3.42 and 3.49, respectively), while Polar maritime air masses were slightly cleaner (TLAM2 = 3.28).
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keywords:
extinction of direct solar radiation, Linke turbidity factor, Kołobrzeg
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original in:
Polish
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