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vol. 7, nr. 4 (2006)
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Effect of soil type and irrigation on yield and mineral composition of broccoli
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Irena Babik
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Research Institute of Vegetable Crops, ul. Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100 Skierniewice |
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vol. 7 (2006), nr. 4,
pp. 793-808
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abstract:
The influence of soil type and irrigation on nutrient availability, mineral composition of plants, yield and quality of broccoli heads, was assessed for 6 soil types most common in Poland (lessive soil, brown soil, black soil, loess type of chernozem, alluvial soil and low moor peat soil). Irrigation was applied when soil suction was higher than 30 kPa. Low moor peat soils and heavy mineral soils, securing higher nitrate nitrogen content in the soil (70-120 mg L-1) in the period of intensive vegetative plant growth (stage of 7-10 leaves), enabled strong plant growth and high yield even when irrigation was not applied. Irrigation had positive effect on plant weight, yield and head weight, and secured on light soils the yield equivalent to that reached on heavy mineral soils without irrigation. The earliness of broccoli was related with soil type and irrigation. This treatment hastened broccoli harvest on light soils, but on heavy mineral soils where broccoli earliness was the highest no such influence was observed. On heavy mineral soils, promoting plant growth, the risk of hollow stem was higher. Irrigation intensified the incidence of this disorder. Broccoli grown on low moor peat soils showed higher nitrate accumulation in heads, probably due to higher nitrate content in the soil in the period of heads formation and harvest, but the nitrates content did not exceed levels accepted in the standards for this species.
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keywords:
broccoli, soil type, irrigation, yield, mineral composition
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original in:
Polish
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